Demonstratives (This, That, These, Those)

Demonstratives can be placed before the noun or the adjective that modifies the noun.

• This blue car is my uncle's.
• These oranges are delicious.
• That metal rod works.
• Those people are here first.

Demonstrative with singular nouns & uncountable nouns;

This (Near)                    That (Far) 

Demonstrative with plural countable nouns;

These (Near)                 Those (Far)

Adverb

Here (near)                 There (Far)

Near the speaker                                      

• Is this John's house?                                      
• This is a nice surprise!                                   
• These apples are mine.                                
• What are you up to these days?                 
• This time I am late.                                        
• This sugar is for my crepes.         

 Far from the speaker  

• Is that John's house over there?
• That is a nice surprise for me.
• Those apples are yours.
• Those days are long gone.
• We are surprised that time.         
• You can use that sugar for your cake.

Demonstratives can be used by themselves when the noun they modify is understood from the context.

• I'll never forget this.
• That has nothing to do with me.
• I didn't ask for these.
• Those aren't mine.